ラベル 文化 の投稿を表示しています。 すべての投稿を表示
ラベル 文化 の投稿を表示しています。 すべての投稿を表示

2012年1月16日月曜日

ToBec Burns Supper

ToBec Tribute to Poets and Poetry
Here's a bottle and an honest friend!
What wad ye wish for mair man?

Burns night, 25th January, is the night Robert Burns is celebrated by Scots and non-Scots around the world.  While Burns is said to have never left his native Scotland, he was very aware of the world, the French Revolution and the American movement for independence.

In 2000 a newspaper described Burns as the man of the Millennium.  He not only wrote poetry, but also restored and recorded poetry and songs that had been passed down from generation to generation.  At ToBec we have adopted Burns as an ambassador of all poets and poetry.  Behind me on a bookshelf are six volumes of the ToBec Newsletter.  Browsing, I came across Burns’ “On Scaring Some Water-Fowl in Loch Turit.”   The last verse I think reminds us of the moderating, even auditing role literature should have over science.

Or, if man’s superior might
Dare invade your native right,
On the lofty ether borne,
Man with all his pow’rs you scorn;
Swiftly seek, on clanging wings,
Other lakes and other springs;
And the foe you cannot brave,
Scorn at least to be his slave.

Burns urges the waterfowl to fly away to other safe places, but what do they do when there is nowhere to go?  Today, “man’s superior might” has reached the nuclear age, and it is not only the birds that must find other places to live!

Robert Burns

25 January 1759 – 21 July 1796
Chronology
25 January 1759      Born
1759 – 1766            Alloway, Ayrshire
1766 – 1777            Mount Oliphant
1771 – 1796            Completed over 550 poems, ballads and songs
1777 – 1784            Lochlea, between Tarbolton and Mauchline
February 1784         William Burnes died
1784                      Met Jean Armour of Mauchline
1784 – 1796            Mossgiel Gilbert and Robert started the farm together, but Gilbert  continued the farm alone
1786                      Secretly married Jean Armour who gave birth to twins
1786                      Published ‘Kilmarnock Poems'
1786 – 1788            Gained celebrity in Edinburgh as the ‘ploughman poet’
4th May 1788          Formalized marriage to Jean Armour
June 1788 – 1791    Ellisland, Dumfrieshire farming and working in excise
Nov 1791 1796        Dumfries. Officer in the Dumfries Port Division of the Excise
21 July 1796           Passed away

At ToBec Burns Night we welcome readings from all poets, including original poetry, so; 
Bring a poem, and a dram or dish
We’ll raise our glasses and make a wish,
For family, friends and neighbours, too
For all the world, and for you.

Songs and ditties in humour and fun,
In riddles and rhyme a truth may run.
Thoughts shared, ideas sown,
Dreams to prosper in the year to come.

Below is a simple Chronology of Poetry in English Literature compiled from “Love Through the Ages”.  This chronology gives some indication of how poets and their poetry have responded to the issues of the times.  The website above is a good place to explore the role and influence of poetry.

PERIODS OF LITERATURE

THE CLASSICAL PERIOD (1200 BC - 455 AD)
The Classical (Homeric) Age
Extracts from The Odyssey
The Classical Roman Age
Extracts from Ovid's Metamorphoses

THE MEDIEVAL PERIOD (455 AD-1485 AD)
The Medieval Age

THE RENAISSANCE AND REFORMATION (1485-1660 AD)
The Renaissance and Elizabethan Age
Hero and Leander by Christopher Marlowe

THE ENLIGHTENMENT (NEOCLASSICAL) PERIOD (1660-1790)
The Neoclassical Age
The Restoration (c. 1660-1700)
The Augustan Age (c. 1700-1750)
The Age of Johnson (c. 1750-1790)

THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (c. 1790-1830)

THE VICTORIAN PERIOD and the 19th Century (c. 1819-1901) 

MODERN PERIOD (c. 1914-1945)
The Age of Modernism
The Lost Generation (also called the writers of The Jazz Age, 1914-1929)

THE POSTMODERN PERIOD (c. 1945 onward) (1950-2001)
Multiculturalism
The Beat poets

CONTEMPORARY POETRY (2001- )

2009年1月2日金曜日

我々の世界、私達の言語

学ぶ事は知識や事実を教えてもらうよりも、疑問や課題を発見し、調べて理解し、自分なりの結論を持って、他人と話し合いながら自分の考えを修正する事です。これは文化を学ぶ上では特に大切です。

環境、文化、言語の基盤で文明が生まれます。しかし、文明は絶滅しても、環境、文化、言語が残って、そしてゆっくりと少しずつ変わり続きます。その変化は言語にも残ります。例えば、郵便の「〒」の宿駅時代から。
言語に考古学のように色々な謎を隠しています。毎日でも、小さいな旅の途中でも謎を見つけて解けます。

文化の旅

来日して30年、よく文化について聞かれます。特に異文化についてなぜこんなに聞かれるのか不思議でした。青年時代、フランス、ドイツ、オーストリア、旧ユーゴスラビアへと旅を続けていると、それぞれの国の文化の違いを感じたことは言うまでもありません。しかし、その国に滞在して母国との共通点、又たとえ違いを感じても、その国の自然体系や環境から生じた習慣や文化は馴染み安く、すんなり溶け込むことが出来ました。

文化は長い年月をかけて培われれて、各時代の文化、各地の伝統や行事を融合して、多文化な社会を形成していきます。そして、それらは建築物や食べ物、人名や地名に表現され、豊かな文化を作り上げるのだと思います。

たとえ国が異なっても、一年を通じて行う行事の目的は同じで、違うのはその手段と方法。つまり表わし方です。例えば、各国の正月行事など、過去一年の感謝とこれから一年の願いは共通ですが、表現方法が違うだけです。そしてその違いが異文化です。私は、異文化を感じるよりも、文化の豊かさを感じるのです。多様な文化の表現力に感動し、楽しさを感じます。

日本でも、イギリスでも、自国の伝統を重ねて、その上に海外からの文化を取り入れて、近代文化が生まれました。
日常生活の中で、どんな時に文化を認識しますか。